Search results for " Preschool"
showing 10 items of 2099 documents
Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood
2019
Mercury is considered a neurotoxicant and human exposure occurs mainly from the consumption of marine species. We aimed to describe total mercury concentrations (THg) and associated factors in 9-year old children, as well as to explore the trend in THg from 4 to 9 years of age. The study population consisted of 9-year-old children participating in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain (n = 405, 2013–2014). THg in hair samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry at the age of 4 and 9 years. Sociodemographic and dietary data was obtained through questionnaires. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between THg and covari…
IL10 promoter haplotypes may contribute to altered cytokine expression and systemic inflammation in celiac disease
2018
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune/inflammatory condition triggered by dietary gluten intake in genetically predisposed individuals. Though associations with MHC class II HLA-DQ2 or -DQ8 are the primary and necessary genetic predisposition for CD, >97% of genetically predisposed individuals never develop CD. Cytokines were measured in the serum of CD patients and controls. Possible associations with IL10 promoter variants were investigated. Cytokine expression from PBMCs was monitored in response to gluten exposure, or CD3/TCR complex stimulation in the absence or presence of recombinant IL-10. Serum cytokines varied between patients with CD at the time of diagnosis, after dietary elimina…
Mineral Profile of Children’s Fast Food Menu Samples
2017
Abstract Children’s fast food menus, including hamburgers served with french fries, dessert, and a soft drink, were analyzed to obtain the mineral profile of trace elements. The developed analytical methodology involved sample digestion under pressure inside a microwave oven with a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The method was validated by carrying out the analysis of certified reference materials (NIST 1570a spinach leaves, NCS ZC73016 chicken, and NIST 1568a rice flour) and using recovery experiments. Repeatability was verified by analyzing replicate samples. Twenty-six elements were studied, 12 of which—aluminum, barium, calcium, co…
Analysis of nucleophosmin–anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM‐ALK)‐reactive CD8+ T cell responses in children with NPM‐ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma
2016
Summary Cellular immune responses against the oncoantigen anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in patients with ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have been detected using peptide-based approaches in individuals preselected for human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01. In this study, we aimed to evaluate nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK-specific CD8+ T cell responses in ALCL patients ensuring endogenous peptide processing of ALK antigens and avoiding HLA preselection. We also examined the HLA class I restriction of ALK-specific CD8+ T cells. Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with in-vitro-transcribed RNA (IVT-RNA) encoding NPM–ALK were used as antigen-presenting cells for T cell …
Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia in Spain.
2017
Abstract Background and aims Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a very rare disease, caused by mutations in LDL protein receptor adaptor 1 (LDLRAP1). It is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. We aimed to characterize ARH in Spain. Methods Data were collected from the Dyslipidemia Registry of the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society. A literature search was performed up to June 2017, and all diagnostic genetic studies for familial hypercholesterolemia of Spain were reviewed. Results Seven patients with ARH were identified, 6 true homozygous and one compound heterozygous with a novel muta…
Sex- and age patterns in incidence of infectious diseases in Germany: analyses of surveillance records over a 13-year period (2001–2013)
2018
AbstractSex differences in the incidence of infections may indicate different risk factors and behaviour but have not been analysed across pathogens. Based on 3.96 million records of 33 pathogens in Germany, notified from 2001 to 2013, we applied Poisson regression to generate age-standardised incidence rate ratios and assessed their distribution across age and sex. The following trends became apparent: (a) pathogens with male incidence preponderance at infant and child age (meningococcal disease (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.38, age = 0–4); influenza (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.06–1.13, age = 0–4)), (b) pathogens with sex-switch in incidence preponderance at puberty (e.g. nor…
Chronic, but not acute, fatigue predicts self-reported attentional driving errors in mothers attending infant children
2019
AbstractMothers attending infant children usually experience high levels of fatigue, and fatigue has been shown to be related to car crashes through attentional errors, among other causes. The current study investigates the effects of fatigue on the attentional errors while driving of women attending infant children. A sample of 112 women—67 attending infant children and 45 not attending—filled out self-report questionnaires assessing acute fatigue, chronic fatigue, and attention-related driving errors. A mediational analysis showed that women attending infant children had higher levels of fatigue, and that chronic fatigue, but not acute fatigue, was related to attentional errors while driv…
Cancer patterns in Karachi (all districts), Pakistan: First results (2010-2015) from a Pathology based cancer registry of the largest government-run …
2016
National level population-based cancer data have never been published from Pakistan in seven decades since independence (1947). Therefore, generation of high-quality regional data becomes highly relevant. Cancer data for the period of 2010-2015 representing the population from all districts of Karachi (14.6 million) are presented herein. After institutional approval (Ref no. IRB-459/DUHS/-14), a Pathology based cancer registry was established at the largest government-run diagnostic and reference center of Karachi. During 2010-2015, a total of 13,508 cancers (including 686 non-melanoma-skin-cancers (NMSC)) were diagnosed. Of these, 5665 (41.9%) were in males while 7843 (58.1%) were in femal…
Reducing diagnostic turnaround times of exome sequencing for families requiring timely diagnoses
2017
IF 2.137; International audience; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has now entered medical practice with powerful applications in the diagnosis of rare Mendelian disorders. Although the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of WES have been widely demonstrated, it is essential to reduce the diagnostic turnaround time to make WES a first-line procedure. Since 2011, the automation of laboratory procedures and advances in sequencing chemistry have made it possible to carry out diagnostic whole genome sequencing from the blood sample to molecular diagnosis of suspected genetic disorders within 50 h. Taking advantage of these advances, the main objective of the study was to impr…
Novel KIAA1033/WASHC4 mutations in three patients with syndromic intellectual disability and a review of the literature.
2019
In 2011, KIAA1033/WASHC4 was associated with autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) in a large consanguineous family comprising seven affected individuals with moderate ID and short stature. Since then, no other cases of KIAA1033 variants have been reported. Here we describe three additional patients (from two unrelated families) with syndromic ID due to compound heterozygous KIAA1033 variants ascertained by exome sequencing (ES). Two sisters, aged 4 and 5.5 years, had a stop-gain and a missense variants, each inherited from one parent (p.(Gln442*) and p.(Asp1048Gly)). Both had learning disabilities, macrocephaly, dysmorphic features, skeletal anomalies, and subependymal heterot…